Written by Jennifer Yeung
Have you ever walked into a room and forgotten why you went there, misplaced your keys, or struggled to remember someone’s name? Occasional forgetfulness is a normal part of aging. However, when changes in memory, attention, and thinking begin to affect daily life, additional support may be helpful.
While some of these changes are often a normal part of aging, more significant changes in cognitive health that interfere with daily activities may be a sign of mild cognitive impairment or dementia [1].
Cognitive health refers to our ability to think, learn, and remember clearly [1]. These skills play an important role in helping us make decisions, problem-solve, and safely and independently manage everyday activities.
As we age, gradual changes in the brain can affect how we process and retain information. Some common age-related cognitive changes include:
➢ Slower processing speed
➢ Occasional forgetfulness
➢ Difficulty multitasking
➢ Changes in attention and concentration [1]
Changes in cognition can impact our ability to:
➢ Manage appointments, medications, and finances
➢ Cook and complete household tasks
➢ Drive safely,
➢ Participate in hobbies and social activities
➢ Maintain daily routines [1]
The good news is that there are steps we can take to support brain health and reduce the risk of cognitive decline as we age [1]. These changes may seem minimal, but can positively support brain function now and in the future.
Some protective factors include:
➢ Regular physical activity
➢ Maintaining a healthy, balanced diet
➢ Keeping your mind engaged
➢ Participating in social activities and interactions
➢ Maintaining routines and healthy sleep habits
➢ Addressing physical and mental health issues as they arise [1]
On the other hand, factors such as physical inactivity, poor nutrition, social isolation, chronic stress, poor sleep, and certain medical conditions may increase the risk of cognitive decline [1].
Noticing changes in memory, attention, or thinking can feel overwhelming, but older adults and families do not have to navigate these challenges alone. A rehabilitation team can provide strategies, education, and support to help individuals live safely and meaningfully at home.
Occupational therapists assist individuals adapting to cognitive changes by developing strategies to support memory, attention, and executive functioning. They may make recommendations and provide compensation strategies to modify daily routines and home environments, helping individuals remain independent with activities such as cooking, medication management, housekeeping, and community participation.
Occupational therapists work closely with families and caregivers, providing education and strategies to support their loved ones. They also work closely with Rehab Therapists who augments on OT and PT goals.
Physiotherapists can help improve an individual’s balance and strength through exercise and functional training. Engaging in these activities can promote cognitive function and may help reduce the risk of cognitive decline.
Improved mobility can also reduce the risk of falls, increase safety while moving around the home and in the community, and support participation in everyday activities.
Adjusting to cognitive changes can be emotionally challenging for both individuals and their families. Social workers provide emotional support, coping strategies, and guidance throughout these transitions.
Social workers can also connect individuals and families with community resources, financial supports, housing assistance, and healthcare programs. For caregivers, social workers can help address the challenges of caregiving and reduce the risk of burnout.
At GLA Rehab, our team of experienced occupational therapists, case managers, physiotherapists, rehab therapists, and social workers work together to support healthy aging and cognitive well-being.
Whether you’re noticing changes in memory, looking for strategies to maintain independence, or supporting a loved one through cognitive changes, we’re here to help. Our goal is to provide personalized care for older adults and their families to continue living safely and meaningfully at home.
References
[1] National Institute on Aging. (2024, June 11). Cognitive health and older adults. https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/brain-health/cognitive-health-and-older-adults